PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.